Hydrocodone

Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic, moderately potent opioid which is often used with acetaminophen for treatment of acute and chronic pain. It is sold under the brands Vicodin, Norco, Lortab, Zohydro and others. Hydrocodone was analyzed on Coresep 100 multi-mode HPLC column. The compound is hydrophobic and basic in nature and is retained by a combination of strong reversed-phase and strong cation-exchange mechanisms. Retention time is controlled by the amount of ACN, buffer concentration and buffer pH. This robust method can be used for quantitative analysis of hydrocodone in biofluids and formulation using any detection technique including mass spectrometry. Core-shell mixed-mode columns offer combination of unique selectivity and high efficiency while using regular equipment.

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Conditions of Experiment

Column:	Coresep 100
Separation Modes:	reversed-phase and cation-exchange
Column Dimenstions:	3.0 x 100 mm
Mobile Phase:	60% ACN with 30 mM AmFm pH 3
Detection:	UV 275 nm
Sample:	0.3 mg/ml
Injection:	1 uL
Flow rate:	0.8 mL/min

Analytes

Class of compounds:	Aromatic base, Controlled substance, Drug
Nature of compounds:	Basic, Hydrophobic
Compounds:	Hydrocodone

Hydrocodone/paracetamol, also known as hydrocodone/acetaminophen or hydrocodone/APAP is the combination of an opioid pain medication, hydrocodone, with paracetamol (acetaminophen). It is used as a prescription drug to relieve moderate to severe pain. It exists in tablet, elixir, and solution forms in various strengths for oral administration. Vicodin is Schedule II controlled substance. Hydrocodone diversion and recreational use has escalated in recent years due to its opioid effects. Norco was analyzed with isocratic conditions to provide fast, reliable and robust method for analysis of both components of the drug combination - hydrocodone and acetaminophen. Compounds are retained and separated on Heritage MA HPLC column in reversed-phase and cation-exclusion mechanisms. Retention time, selectivity, and resolution between peaks can be adjusted by modification of amount of ACN, buffer and buffer pH. Various mobile phases can be used with Heritage MA column to accommodate different detection techniques (UV, MS, CAD, ELSD detection).

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Conditions of Experiment

Column:	Heritage MA
Separation Modes:	reversed-phase and cation-exchange
Column Dimenstions:	4.6 x 150 mm
Mobile Phase:	5% ACN with 50 mM AmAc pH 4
Detection:	UV 215 nm
Sample:	0.3 mg/ml
Injection:	3 uL
Flow rate:	1 mL/min

Analytes

Class of compounds:	Aromatic base, Aromatic compound, Controlled substance, Drug
Nature of compounds:	Basic, Hydrophilic, Hydrophobic, Neutral
Compounds:	Hydrocodone, Acetaminophen

Codeine, oxycodone and hydrocodone are opioids used to treat pain. These three drugs can be used in combination with other medications, such as acetaminophen and NSAIDs drugs. All three compounds are narcotic analgesics. Codeine is also used as an additive to drug formulations for suppression of cough. All three compounds are basic and hydrophobic in nature. They were separated on the Coresep 100 mixed-mode column through combination of strong reversed-phase and strong cation-exchange mechanisms. The retention time, resolution and peak shape are controlled by the amount of organic, buffer pH and buffer concentration. Various mobile phases can be used with the Coresep 100 column to accommodate multiple detection techniques. UV transparent buffers can be replaced with volatile buffers for MS, ELSD or CAD detection. Core-shell mixed-mode columns provide great combination of unique selectivity, speed and efficiency.

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Conditions of Experiment

Column:	Coresep 100
Separation Modes:	reversed-phase and cation-exchange
Column Dimenstions:	3.2 x 50 mm, 2.7 um, 90A
Mobile Phase:	MeCN 20% with 0.1% phosphoric acid
Detection:	UV 275 nm
Sample:	0.1-0.3 mg/ml
Injection:	1 uL
Flow rate:	0.6 mL/min

Analytes

Class of compounds:	Aromatic base, Controlled substance, Drug
Nature of compounds:	Basic, Hydrophobic
Compounds:	Codeine, Oxycodone, Hydrocodone