Sulfate ion

ELSD HPLC Analysis of Anions in Artesian Water on Amaze HA Mixed-Mode Column
Application description

Artesian water is renowned for its purity and mineral content, making it a desirable source of drinking water for many. Accurate quantification of anions in artesian water is essential for ensuring water quality and compliance with regulatory standards. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled with Evaporative Light Scattering Detection (ELSD) provides a robust method for the analysis of anions in artesian water. In this study, we describe the ELSD HPLC analysis of common anions in artesian water utilizing an Amaze HA mixed-mode column. Chloride is one of the most abundant anions found in natural waters, including artesian water. It is derived from the dissolution of salts such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Chloride levels in water are monitored closely as high concentrations can indicate contamination or seawater intrusion. Sulfate is another prevalent anion present in artesian water, originating from the weathering of minerals containing sulfur compounds. It is a key parameter in assessing water quality, as elevated sulfate levels can result from natural processes or anthropogenic activities such as mining and industrial discharge. Nitrate and nitrite are important anions that can occur in artesian water due to agricultural runoff, wastewater discharge, and atmospheric deposition. Elevated nitrate levels in drinking water pose health risks, particularly to infants and pregnant women, as they can lead to methemoglobinemia, also known as "blue baby syndrome." Analysis of anions in artesian water is crucial for ensuring water quality and safety for consumption. Monitoring anion levels allows for early detection of contamination, enabling timely intervention and remediation efforts. Regulatory agencies establish maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for various anions in drinking water to protect public health and prevent adverse effects. Routine analysis of anions helps water authorities and environmental agencies maintain compliance with regulatory standards and ensure the sustainability of water resources.. The ELSD HPLC analysis of anions in artesian water on the Amaze HA mixed-mode column provides a reliable method for assessing water quality and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. This approach offers high sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility, making it suitable for routine monitoring and environmental analysis. By accurately quantifying common anions such as chloride, sulfate, nitrate, and nitrite, this method aids in safeguarding public health and preserving the integrity of artesian water sources for generations to come.

Conditions of Experiment
Column: Amaze HA
Separation Modes: Anion-exchange
Column Dimenstions: 3x100 mm, 3 um, 100 A
Mobile Phase: ACN/water/Ammonium formate pH 3
Detection: ELSD, 40*C
Sample: various-various mg/ml
Injection: 3 uL
Flow rate: 0.6 ml/min
Analytes
Class of compounds: Inorganic acid, Inorganic anion, Organic acid
Nature of compounds: Acidic, Hydrophilic, Polar
Compounds: Phosphate Ion, Chloride Ion, Nitrate ion, Sulfate ion
HPLC Separation of Sodium and Four Inorganic Anions on Amaze TH Column
Conditions of Experiment
Column: Amaze TH
Separation Modes: HILIC cation-exchange, anion-exchange
Column Dimenstions: 4.6x150 mm, 3 um, 100A
Mobile Phase: 40% ACN with gradient of AmFm pH 3 from 30 mM
to 120 mM in 7.5 min, hold 8 min
Detection: ELSD
Sample: 0.5-1 mg/ml
Injection: 3 uL
Flow rate: 1 ml/min
Analytes
Class of compounds: Inorganic acid, Inorganic anion, Inorganic cation, Organic acid
Nature of compounds: Acidic, Basic, Hydrophilic, Polar
Compounds: Phosphate Ion, Chloride Ion, Sodium ion, Iodide ion, Sulfate ion
HPLC Separation of Sulfate and Persulfate Ions on Amaze HD Mixed-Mode Column
Conditions of Experiment
Column: Amaze HD
Separation Modes: HILIC, anion-exchange
Column Dimenstions: 3.0x100 mm, 5 um, 100A
Mobile Phase: ACN/water/AmAc pH 4
Detection: ELSD, 45*C
Sample: 3 mg/ml
Injection: 2 uL
Flow rate: 0.6 ml/min
Analytes
Class of compounds: Inorganic acid, Inorganic anion
Nature of compounds: Acidic, Hydrophilic, Polar
Compounds: Sulfate ion, Persulfate ion
HPLC Separation of Sulfate and Persulfate Ions on Amaze TH Mixed-Mode Column
Conditions of Experiment
Column: Amaze TH
Separation Modes: HILIC, anion-exchange
Column Dimenstions: 4.6x50 mm, 5 um, 100A
Mobile Phase: ACN/water/AmFm pH 3
Detection: ELSD, 45*C
Sample: 3 mg/ml
Injection: 2 uL
Flow rate: 1 ml/min
Analytes
Class of compounds: Inorganic acid, Inorganic anion
Nature of compounds: Acidic, Hydrophilic, Polar
Compounds: Sulfate ion, Persulfate ion
Simultaneous HPLC Analysis of Sodium Ion and Sulfate Ion on Amaze TH Mixed-Mode Column
Application description

Ability to retain and separate compounds of opposite charge on one column with one method is important for analysis of salts, drugs, waste waters and other samples. We have developed a method for analysis of sodium and sulfate ions on Amaze TH column. Amaze TH column is HILIC mixed-mode column with both positive and negative sites on the surface. Addition of ionizable groups on the surface allows to increase a polarity of the stationary phase and also make these sites available for ion-exchange interactions. Both ions are well retained with good peak shape. Column and method can be used for analysis of other cations and anions in one run. Method is LC/MS compatible and provides unique selectivity and separation ability for polar, acidic and basic organic and inorganic compounds

Conditions of Experiment
Column: Amaze TH
Separation Modes: HILIC, anion-exchange
Column Dimenstions: 4.6 x 50 mm, 5 um, 100A
Mobile Phase: 80% ACN with 20 mM AmFm pH 3
Detection: ELSD
Sample: 0.5 mg/ml
Injection: 3 uL
Flow rate: 1 ml/min
Analytes
Class of compounds: Inorganic acid, Inorganic anion, Inorganic cation
Nature of compounds: Acidic, Basic, Hydrophilic, Polar
Compounds: Sodium ion, Sulfate ion